TheGeoRoomPopulation Studies

Definition of the Day
Replacement level
The number of children expected to be reproduced by an individual in order that the offsprings will replace the parents in the population. The average level is 2.1.

Population Terms

TermDefinitionFormula
Age specific fertility rate Number of live births to a given age group num. of live births / num. of woman in that age group
Age specific death rate Number of deaths for a given age group
Ageing Population A population dominated by old age, retired people who are no longer or less economically active 65+. Caused by a high life expectancy & falling birth rate.
Birth Rate Number of live births per 1000 people live births / total population * 1 000
Carrying Capacity The number of people that can be supported by the available resources of a given area/ecosystem.
Child Mortality Number of children who die under 5 years of age. It encompasses both infant and neonatal mortlaity. NB: the age range may differ, some consider the child range below 14 yrs
Death Rate/ Crude Death Rate Number of deaths per 1000 people deaths / total population * 1 000
Dependency Ratio Number of uneconomically active people between 0 - 14 & 65 + who are dependent on 15 - 64 working age group. (0 - 14 + 65+)/ 15- 64
DTM A model showing birth & death rate changes and the resultant population changes at different stages of a population.
Emigrant One who leaves his/her place of living (country, city, town or village) to permanently or temporarily settle in a new area.
Fecundity The ability to reproduce offsprings.
Fertility The reproductivity of an individual or the whole population
Fertility rate Number of live birth ages 15 - 49 per 1 000 woman num. of births /woman 15 - 49 * 1 000
Immigrant One who settles in another area from somewhere.
Infant Mortality Number of children per 1 000 live births who die below one year. They encompass neonatal mortality and are in the under 5 mortality group. Num. of deaths below 1 yr / Num. of live births *1 000
Life Expectancy The number of years a person is expected to live if current mortality trends where to prevail throughout his/her lifetime.
Maternal Mortality The number of woman who die during pregnancy (pregnancy related deaths) or after 42 days (but less than a year) of delivery per 100 000 live births. num. of maternal deaths / total num. of live births * 100 000
Natural Change The differences between births and deaths in a population. Natural change can be an increase or decrease. Natural increase is when births are higher than deaths whereas natural decrease deaths are higher than births(negative). Natural change is a contributor to population growth along with migration. num. of births - num. of deaths
Neonatal Mortality Number of children per 1 000 live births who die, usually before a month but before a year. They are in the under 5 and infant mortality genre. num. of infant deaths > 28 and > 1 year/live births * 1 000
Net migration Net effect of immigrants or emigrants in an area. immigrants - emigrants
Population Change/ Population Growth An increase or decrease in population due to natural change and migration. Natural change (births - deaths) + Net migration
Replacement level The least number of children need to be reproduced by a woman in order to replace them in the population over the next generation. Recommended replacement level is 2.1 per woman but can vary with countries and mortality trends
Stillbirth A lifeless (dead) baby after 28 weeks of pregnancy.
Total Fertility Rate The number of children that would be born to a woman during her lifetime if she conformed to the age specific fertility rates of given year. 5 ∑ age specific fertility rate
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